Injineer korantada, imtixaanka caadiga ah ee AC U adkaysiga (Hipot) inta badan waa binary "Pass/Fail". Si kastaba ha ahaatee,Tijaabinta Qayb-Diidka (PD).waxay u adeegtaa sidii "MRI of the Power Grid" - bixinta aan{1}}wax burburin, sare{2}}aragtida caafimaadka molecular ee habka dahaarka transformer.
Markay da'da transformers-ka iyo xarkaha ay noqdaan kuwo aad u walaacsan, haynta PD diagnostics ayaa muhiim u ah ka guurista dayactirka falcelintaXaalad - Dayactir ku salaysan (CBM).
1. Fiisigiska Qulqulka Dahaarka: Maxay PD muhiim u tahay
Qayb ka sii dayntu waa burburka korantada oo aan si buuxda u xidhin farqiga u dhexeeya labada kirishbooyada ee ku hoos jira culayska tamarta sare - Transformers-ka korantada, PD caadi ahaan waxay ku dhacdaa:
Bannaanka Gaaska:Xumbo ku jira saliidda beddelka.
Dejinta:Farqiga hawada ee u dhexeeya lakabyada daboolka xaashida.
Wasakhowga Dusha sare:Waddooyin wax-ku-ool ah oo saaran sabuuradaha ama buushka.
Khatarta PD waa isugeyn. Dhacdo kasta oo dheecaan ah waxay sii deysaa qadar yar oo tamar ah, abuurtaShucaaca UV, ozone, iyo kulaylka, kaas oo si tartiib tartiib ah u "burbura" dahaarka adag ilaa uu ka dhaco musiibo ba'an
2. Hababka cabbirka: IEC 60270 iyo wixii ka dambeeya
A. Habka Galvanic (IEC 60270)
Heerka dahabka warshadaha ayaa weli ahHabka Korantada (caadiga ah).Waxaa lagu qeexay IEC 60270.
Halbeegga:TallaabooyinkaLacag muuqata (qq)picocoulombs (pC).
Dejinta:Wuxuu adeegsadaa kombuyuutar isku-xidhka ah (CkCk) iyo cabirka impedance (ZmZm) oo ku xidhan baadiyaha beddelka.
Faa'iidada:Waa la qiyaasi karaa waxayna ogolanaysaa sixitaan sax ah. Injineerada, ilaalinta heerka dhawaaqa asalka ah ee ka hooseeya 10-50 pC waa caqabada koowaad ee deegaanka.
B. UHF (Ultra High Frequency) ogaanshaha
Deegaannada buuqa badan-,Habka UHF (300 MHz - 1.5 GHz)ayaa ka sarreeya. Sababtoo ah taangiga birta ah ee beddelka wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii "Faraday Cage," waxay xannibaysaa EMI dibadda (Fargelinta Electromagnetic), taas oo u oggolaanaysa dareemayaasha UHF ee la geliyo valves saliidda si ay u qabtaan calaamadaha dheecaanka gudaha ee " saafi ah ".
C. Acoustic Emission (AE)
Dareemayaasha acoustic (Piezoelectric) ayaa ugu horreyn loo isticmaalaameesha qaladka. Marka la xisaabiyo wakhtiga{1}} ee{2}}farqiga duulimaadka ee u dhexeeya kiciyaha korantada iyo makaanka "tump" dheecaanka, injineeradu waxay saddex-laaban karaan booska 3D ee cilada gudaha haanta.
3. Aqoonsiga Qaabka: Go'aaminta Khariidadda PRPD
Qalabka ugu awooda badan ee ku jira arsenalka injineerka ogaanshaha waaMarxaladda-Qayb Dhicis ah oo La Xalliyey (PRPD)qaab. Anagoo qorsheynayna xajmiga garaaca garaaca oo lagu tiriyo wejiga mawjada 50/60 Hz, waxaan aqoonsan karnaa "saxiixa" khaladka:
| Qaabka Qaabka | Baaritaanka Caadiga ah | Heerka Khatarta |
|---|---|---|
| Astaamaha "Dhagaha Bunny" | Dheecaan madhan oo gudaha ah | Sare- Khatarta daloolin |
| Asymmetrical "Buraash" at Peaks | Ku fiiq{0}}-diyaarada Corona (geeska af-ka leh) | Dhexdhexaad- Waxay sababtaa gabowga saliidda. |
| Kala firdhiyey "Daruuro" meel u dhow Isgoyska Eber | Dabagalka dusha sare ee caqabadaha dahaarka | Halis ah- Faragelin degdeg ah ayaa loo baahan yahay. |
4. Isku xidhka PD iyo Falanqaynta Gaaska Kala Diray (DGA)
Si loo helo ogaanshaha dhammaystiran, xogta PD waa in aanay weligeed kaligeed istaagin. Waa in lagu xidhaaNatiijooyinka DGA:
Sare H2H2 (Hydrogen) + Hooseeyo C2H2C2H2 (Acetylene):Waxay si adag u soo jeedinaysaa Bixin Qaybeed oo firfircoon.
Falanqaynta isbeddelka:Haddii heerarka pC ay labanlaabanto iyada oo ay weheliso kor u kaca Hydrogen, dahaarka ayaa ku jira marxalad suus ah oo jibbaaran.
5. Caqabadaha Goobta: Cadaadiska "Ruux" Calaamadaha
Heerka dhexe, qiimaha injineerku waa ku jiraaYaraynta buuqa. Xeeladaha goobta caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
Farsamooyinka Gating:Dijitaal ahaan iska indha tirka calaamadaha dhaca xilliyada daaqadaha (tusaale, beddelka thyristor).
Shaandhaynta inta jeer:Beddelidda xadiga cabbirka cabbirka si looga fogaado faragelinta raadiyaha maxalliga ah ama gacanta.
Wareegyada Isku dheelitiran ee Kala Duwan:Isticmaalka laba bushings oo isku mid ah si aad u tirtirto dhawaaqa caadiga ah ee-.
Wadista ROI ilaa Nolosha - Kordhinta
Transformer-ka 100MVA, guuldarada masiibada ahi waxay malaayiin ku kici kartaa wakhtiga dhimista iyo nadiifinta deegaanka.Tijaabada Bixinta Qaybeedwaxay bixisaa aragtida farsamada si loo jadwaleeyo dayactirka "qalliinka" - bedelida hal baadiyaha ama dib u adkeynta rasaasta -halkii la bedeli lahaa qaybta oo dhan.
MarkaHuayi,waxaanu bixinaa -xasaasiyaha sare ee PD iyo ilaha tamarta resonant ee loo baahan yahay si loo sameeyo shaybaadhka{1}}baadhista darajada xaaladaha goobta ugu adag.